Those of our West Aparagodānīya are neither covetous nor prone to kill they control their humor and temper their spirit. Moreover, they are rather dull of mind and lethargic in spirit, and they are not likely to do much harm. Those on the North Uttarakuru, though they love to destroy life, do so out of the necessity of making a livelihood. Those living on the East Pūrvavideha revere Heaven and Earth, and they are straightforward and peaceful. I have watched the Four Great Continents, and the morality of their inhabitants varies from place to place. 1) (see the 06-25-22 update in section 1.2 here for a slightly more detailed explanation): 8), which features four island-like continents floating in a great sea around a cosmic mountain (fig. The Buddha states the following about the novel’s Hindo-Buddhist cosmos (ch. In this article, I will show that there are far more plausible reasons for the Buddha’s statements than lying. Worse still, they appear to selectively interpret details to suit a possible agenda against Buddhism. Ye (n.d.) displays a fundamental misunderstanding of the novel’s history and religious influences. This is admittedly a fascinating idea but one that falls apart under careful analysis. They believe this is because the literary version of the Enlightened One is a master strategist who uses lies in a calculated attempt to usurp power from the Jade Emperor, ruler of the cosmos. ![]() I was recently directed to an online Chinese article by Ye Zhiqiu (叶之秋) (n.d.) in which they claim that the Buddha makes “four grand, overarching lies” ( sige mitian dahuang, 四個彌天大謊) throughout the course of Journey to the West ( Xiyouji, 西遊記, 1592, “JTTW” hereafter).
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